Cerebral autoregulation in AD and MCI Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sci- ences (SPSS) version 16.0 for Windows. Between group data were statistically compared using multifactor ANOVA (Sidak correction). Confounders were only included if significant correlation existed with the parameter studied. In this case multifactor ANOVA was repeated with correction for the confounders. If during the course of the study MCI patients convert into Alzheimer’s disease according to the diagnosis criteria, the results for these converters will be analysed sepa- rately. Results In two AD cases coherence was below the threshold of 0.18 at all frequencies up to 0.25 Hz and these patients were excluded from the results, thus leaving 15 AD patients. General subject characteristics are shown in table 1. Age and sex match- ing between the groups was adequate since there were no significant differences. The MMSE was significantly lower in AD compared to both MCI and C. Blood pressure values (systolic sBP, diastolic dBP and mean mBP) did not differ be- tween the groups. Mean cerebral blood flow velocity (mCBFV) data from right and left MCA were pooled as there were no significant right-left differences. In AD mCBFV was significantly lower compared to C and tended to be lower compared to MCI (p=0.068). CVRi was significantly higher in AD compared to both MCI and C. Table 2 dCA parameters of subjects with AD, MCI and controls. ARI = autoregulatory index AD (n=15) MCI (n=19) C (n=20) CoherenceVLF 0.25 (0.03) 0.27 (0.03) 0.28 (0.03) CoherenceLF 0.47 (0.07) 0.53 (0.04) 0.53 (0.03) CoherenceTotal 0.38 (0.05) 0.42 (0.03) 0.43 (0.03) GainVLF %/% 0.85 (0.07) 0.96 (0.08) 1.03 (0.10) GainLF %/% 1.32 (0.12) 1.51 (0.09) 1.58 (0.11) GainTotal %/% 1.13 (0.08) 1.29 (0.08) 1.36 (0.09) PhaseVLF rad 0.85 (0.13) 0.66 (0.06) 0.78 (0.11) PhaseLF rad 1.00 (0.09) 0.94 (0.06) 0.84 (0.05) PhaseTotal rad 0.94 (0.09) 0.83 (0.05) 0.81 (0.06) ARI 6.1 (0.2) 5.8 (0.2) 5.5 (0.2) All data are presented as mean (SEM). n=number of subjects, no significant differences with multifactor Anova with Sidak correction 67
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