Near‐infrared fluorescence laparoscopy of the cystic duct and artery in pigs cystic duct and artery using CW800‐CA has successfully been demonstrated using a commercially available laparoscopic fluorescence imaging system. A clinical pilot study investigating the feasibility of near‐infrared fluorescence imaging using CW800‐CA in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the next step. Such a pilot study should focus on dose‐finding of the administered dye, as even a lower dose than 3 mg/ml (used in 73 experiments 5 and 6) might be sufficient. Conclusion Next to ICG, CW800‐CA can be applied for laparoscopic fluorescence identification of the cystic artery and duct using a commercially available imaging system. Laparoscopic fluorescence cholangiography of the cystic duct can be obtained earlier after intravenous injection of CW800‐CA, compared to ICG. With the availability of two instead of one fluorophore, the possibilities increase to further optimize the imaging capabilities of the presently available fluorescence systems. A dose‐finding and clinical feasibility study for CW800‐CA is the next step.
proefschrift_Schols_SLV
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